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In other words, it's a gamble. .
The reverse is also correct. If computational power is taken off of this network, the problem adjusts downward to make mining easier. .
"Say I tell three friends I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they just have to be the very first person to guess any number that's less than or equal to this number I am thinking of.
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"Let's say I'm thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they lose because 21>19. If Friend B supposes 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .
"Now imagine I pose the'imagine what number I am thinking of' question, but I am not asking only 3 friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be quite hard to guess the right answer." .
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If 1 in seven trillion doesn't sound difficult enough as is, here's the grab to the catch. Not only do bitcoin miners have to think of the ideal hash, they also have to be the very first to perform it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Only a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be performed competitively on normal desktops. Over time, however, miners recognized that pictures cards commonly used for video games were more effective at mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the game.
These can run from $500 into the tens of thousands. .
Nowadays, bitcoin mining is so aggressive it can only be done profitably using the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older models of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit at your disposal, one computer is rarely enough to compete with what what miners call"mining pools" .
An mining pool is a group of miners who combine their computing power and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately large number of cubes are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion odds, scaling difficulty levels, and the massive network of users verifying transactions, one block of transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a guideline.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain each 10 minutes. Since the network of bitcoin users continues to grow, but the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions that can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. Even though bitcoin miners generally agree that something must be done in order to address scaling, there is less consensus about how do it. In the time of writing, there are two big solutions to the scaling problem, either (1) to lower the amount of data needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can store.
Solution 2 will deal with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90% of their networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that will decrease the amount of data needed to confirm each block. That is, they went with Solution 1.
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The our website program that miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is called a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which describes signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of a block and join them within an extended block.